The innovative movement won an award at the 1867 Universal Exhibition in Paris. The 20A, built with an anchor escapement (usually employed in pendulum clocks), was wound and set via a pendent crown. By 1867, it was also marked the year the Longines factory produced its first in-house watch movement, the 20A. In addition, Francillon appointed David as Technical Director and put him in charge of the new factory. To help further his efforts to improve the production at Longines, Francillon brought on Jacques David, a talented engineer. Imier known locally as Les Longines ("long meadows"), gave rise to the Longines name. Francillon solidified his firm's progression to mass production in 1867 by establishing his first factory. Under Francillon, the company began segueing out of the établissage system and moved towards more modern production methods. Later, when Agassiz started suffering from ill health, he passed leadership to Francillon. One early stroke of genius from Francillon was to solely produce crown-wound pocket watches rather than the prevalent key-wound alternative. Francillon was the mastermind behind several impressive innovations that would distinguish the company from its competitors. Several years later, Agassiz brought in his bright, enterprising nephew, trained economist Ernest Francillon, into the business. By 1846, Raigeul and Morel had retired from the watch industry, leaving Agassiz as sole company head. Auguste had two partners, lawyers Henri Raiguel and Florian Morel the company's original name was Raiguel Jeune & Cie. Longines was founded in Saint-Imier in 1832 by Auguste Agassiz, a Swiss watchmaker and brother of biologist Louis Agassiz. Its winged hourglass logo, registered in 1889, is the oldest unchanged active trademark registered with WIPO. Founded by Auguste Agassiz in 1832, the company has been a subsidiary of the Swiss Swatch Group and its predecessors since 1983. The perpetual calendar automatically accounts for the varying number of days in each month, with the need for adjustment only once a year, on March 1st.Compagnie des Montres Longines, Francillon S.A., or simply Longines ( French pronunciation: ), is a Swiss luxury watchmaker based in Saint-Imier, Switzerland. Whereas, the Perpetual Calendar features a perpetual calendar complication, which displays the day, date, and month on the dial. Some models also include a tachymeter scale on the bezel for measuring speed. The chronograph sub-dials are typically positioned at the 3, 6, and 9 o'clock positions, offering a sporty yet elegant design. The Master Chronograph variant features chronograph functionality, allowing for precise timing and measurement of elapsed time. There are also some timepieces that display the date in a retrograde manner and also a variant where there is a power reserve indicator at the 6 o'clock marker. This variant is often paired with classic leather straps for a refined look. The moon phase indicator showcases the different phases of the moon, adding a touch of celestial beauty to the dial. The moon phase variant incorporates an additional moon phase complication, typically displayed on a sub-dial at the 6 o'clock position. The dials showcase traditional designs with applied Roman numerals or indexes, paired with elegant dauphine or steel hands. The basic variant features a classic round case, typically made of stainless steel, and comes in various sizes for men and women. The trend changed when the company diversified the collection with the introduction of metals like pink and yellow gold, a select few featuring a novel combination of a black dial. The initial versions from the range only made use of stainless steel dials. Since then the range has continued to launch timepieces, which have sparked interest among watch enthusiasts across the globe. Longines launched the Longines Master collection in 2005 as a sub-collection under the Watchmaking Tradition collection.
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